Could serum levels of irisin be used in gestational diabetes predicting?

ObjectiveGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder during pregnancy leading to acute and chronic complications in both mother and newborn. The pathogenesis of GDM has not been fully understood, However, since the disease shares risk factors with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a relationship between these two disease states is plausible. The recently discovered peptide irisin has been hypothesized to be a regulator of body metabolism. However, studies ended up with controversial results. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between irisin levels and gestational diabetes mellitus and the possible benefits of the metabolic profile.Materials and methodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of circulating levels of irisin in 100 pregnant women similar for age and body mass index and the groups included 50 gestational diabetic patients and 50 healthy pregnant volunteers. Serum irisin levels were measured by ELISA kit.ResultsMean age and body mass index levels were similar in both groups. Median HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, Glucose 1 h, Glucose 2 h and fasting insülin levels were higher in with gestational diabetic patients compared to the control group. In gestational diabetic group, the median irisin level was lower than in the control group.ConclusionSerum irisin levels were lower in gestational diabetic patients. Further investigations are needed to explore the underlying biological effects of irisin on pregnant women.     

Scutellarin,a modulator of mTOR,attenuates hepatic insulin resistance by regulating hepatocyte lipid metabolism via SREBP‐1c suppression

High levels of consumption of saturated lipids have been largely associated with the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases. In particular, saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid (PA) have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance (IR). Scutellarin (Scu) is one of the effective traditional Chinese medicines considered beneficial for liver diseases and diabetes. In this study, we investigated the effect of Scu on IR and lipid metabolism disorders in vitro and in high fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice. In vitro, we found that Scu decreased insulin‐dependent lipid accumulation and the mRNA expression of CD36, Fasn, and ACC in PA‐treated HepG2 cells. Additionally, Scu upregulated Akt phosphorylation and improved the insulin signalling pathway. Moreover, Scu downregulated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation and the n‐SREBP‐1c protein level and also reduced lipid accumulation via the mTOR‐dependent pathway, as confirmed by the molecular docking of Scu to mTOR. In HFD‐fed C57BL/6 mice, Scu improved oral glucose tolerance, pyruvate tolerance and the IR index and also increased the Akt phosphorylation level. Moreover, Scu reduced hepatocyte steatosis, decreased lipid accumulation and triglyceride levels, inhibited mTOR phosphorylation, and decreased the SREBP‐1c level in the liver. Taken together, these findings suggest that Scu ameliorates hepatic IR by regulating hepatocyte lipid metabolism via the mTOR‐dependent pathway through SREBP‐1c suppression.     

评价基础胰岛素、盐酸二甲双胍片联合治疗2型糖尿病效果

目的在2型糖尿病治疗中联合应用基础胰岛素+盐酸二甲双胍片,并分析其临床疗效。方法选取2018年10月—2020年9月在该院治疗的78例2型糖尿病患者,将其分为两组。对照组39例,采取基础胰岛素治疗;观察组39例,在此基础上,联合盐酸二甲双胍片治疗。结果观察组患者治疗3个月后FPG、2 hPG、HbA1c水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且患者CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者头晕嗜睡、下肢水肿、恶心呕吐、低血糖、血压波动等不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论基础胰岛素+盐酸二甲双胍片治疗可提高血糖控制效果,降低炎症因子水平,且安全性良好。